2009 24 Oct

What You Need To Know Regarding The H1n1 Virus

All birds and mammals can be infected with a form of influenza virus, of which there are three types (A, B and C). Humans can be infected by forms of all three, but most influenza varieties in animals and humans that cause serious health concerns are influenza Type A. Viruses can mutate quickly, and because hosts’ immune systems do not initially protect against new mutations, new strains can subsequently cause widespread disease. Often new strains result from the spread of an existing flu bug from one species to another, which provides the bug with the necessary tools to transmit between members of a different species to it’s usual host.

H1n1

The latest influenza strain to hit the headlines (H1N1) – known popularly as “Swine Flu” is a strain of flu Type A. While the normal version of “Swine Flu” causes outbreaks of flu with low mortality rates in pigs, the strain which is currently causing human deaths is not the same virus. The new strain combines genes from human, pig, and bird flu and is similar to the strain that caused “Spanish Flu”, responsible for a human pandemic in 1918. “Swine Flu” is an entirely different virus to the “Bird Flu” which was widely talked about last year, and among the most important differences is that “Bird Flu” infected people who had direct contact with infected birds, where as “Swine Flu” is being transmitted from human to human.

Flu in Horses

influenza is widespread in horses and is believed to have a nearly 100% infection rate in unvaccinated populations. Flu in horses is primarily caused by the H7N7 and H3N8 strains. In 2007, an outbreak caused the Sydney Races in Australia to be suspended.

Flu in Cats

An avian strain ( H5N1) of influenza Type A, which was given the popular name “Bird Flu”, had until recently posed the greatest peril for a new influenza pandemic since it first killed people in Asia in the 1990s, but it did not mutate into a form that spreads easily between humans. H5N1 is unusual in being deadly to many species, including domestic cats which were never before susceptible to any influenza virus. Aside from when infected with H5N1, the term “Feline Flu” does not actually refer to infection by flu, but instead generally refers to the symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Because cats have little contact to flu viruses, any case of influenza which was able to transmit between people or dogs and cats would probably lead to a widespread infection, since cats have no natural immunity to any flu virus.

Flu in Dogs

Type A influenza viruses also include equine flu (H3N8), which in 2004 was discovered to be responsible for Canine flu. Because of the lack of previous contact to this virus, dogs have no natural immunity to this virus.

Influenza in Pigs

Although this new flu is being called “Swine Flu,” it is being spread from person to person, not from pigs to people. None of the infected people in North America have had contact with pigs, and no pigs in North America have been found to be infected with this strain. Pet pigs are therefore not known to be able to contract the strain of “Swine Flu” which is being talked about in the news, however they are able to contract normal “H1n1″, which does not usually have any more serious consequences than seasonal influenza does for people.

Conclusions

In general, flu viruses are not transmitted from one species to another. For instance, dogs and cat do not develop influenza after exposure to owners with a seasonal flu bug. While it is theoretically possible for a new influenza strain to be transmissible between people and other domestic animals, it is likely that such a strain would be transmissible between only people and one other animal. Because the “Swine Flu” virus contains genetic elements of human, pig and avian flu viruses, it would seem very unlikely that this strain would have the ability to infect hosts which are not humans, pigs or birds. And, according to the American Veterinary Medicine Association (AVMA), “there is no data that pets are susceptible to this new strain of influenza; it appears to be transmitted solely from person to person”.
All birds and mammals can be infected with a form of flu virus, of which there are three types (A, B and C). People can be infected by forms of all three, but most flu varieties in animals and people that cause serious health concerns are flu Type A. Viruses can mutate rapidly, and because hosts’ immune systems do not initially guard against new mutations, new strains can subsequently cause widespread infection. Often new strains result from the spread of an existing flu virus from one species to another, which provides the bug with the required tools to transmit between members of a different species to it’s usual host.

to survive swine flu
survive the swine flu

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